UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY

The Shortfin Mako Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810) is a highly migratory pelagic apex predator classified as Endangered because of population declines associated with overexploitation and bycatch. Despite its global and Mediterranean distribution, data from the southeastern Mediterranean, particularly the Gaza Strip, remain scarce. This study documents the occurrence, capture and utilization of Shortfin Mako Sharks in the Mediterranean waters off the Gaza Strip, Palestine, using fishery landings, market surveys, stakeholder interviews and supplementary media records. The findings indicate that the species is uncommon but recurrent, occurring primarily as incidental bycatch in artisanal fisheries, especially pelagic longlines and drift gillnets. Stakeholders estimated that dozens of individuals of varying sizes are captured annually. Most observed sharks were juveniles and subadults (60–150 cm total length), whereas large adults were rare. The species showed a seasonal pattern, with higher occurrence in spring and autumn during periods of intensified deep-water fishing. Captured sharks are retained and sold locally for consumption, reflecting both economic and food-security considerations. No confirmed shark attacks on humans were recorded, although post-capture handling may pose injury risks. These observations identify the Gaza Strip as part of the broader Mediterranean distribution of Shortfin Mako Sharks and emphasize the need for context-sensitive conservation measures that balance species protection with local livelihoods. This study provides baseline data for an understudied region and may inform future monitoring and management strategies for this endangered apex predator.