THE NON RETINAL MANIFESTATIONS OF TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS
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Published
Jan 23, 2021
Page:
23-26
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V. H. KARAMBELKAR
Ophthalmology Department, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
ANKITA KULKARNI
Ophthalmology Department, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
GIRISH GADRE
Ophthalmology Department, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
ANJALI D. PATIL
Ophthalmology Department, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic disorder occurring in the world.
Aim: Aim of the study is to study the various non-retinal ocular manifestations associated with T-II diabetes mellitus.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 patients to assess non retinal ocular manifestations of T-II diabetes mellitus. 65% patients were male while female patients constituted 35% of the study population.
Conclusion: In our study cataract was the most common manifestation seen followed by dry eye and cranial nerve palsies. Most of the patients had poorly controlled blood sugar levels and most manifestations were seen in patients with poor blood sugar levels along with longer duration of diabetes mellitus.
Keywords:
Type II diabetes mellitus, non retinal manifestation, retinopathy.
Article Details
How to Cite
KARAMBELKAR, V. H., KULKARNI, A., GADRE, G., & PATIL, A. D. (2021). THE NON RETINAL MANIFESTATIONS OF TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS. UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY, 41(24), 23-26. Retrieved from https://www.mbimph.com/index.php/UPJOZ/article/view/1825
Section
Case Study
References
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Jenkins LM, Mayon-White VA. Screening for diabetic retinopathy. Community Eye Health. 1996;9(2):54-6.
Cheung AT, Ramanujam S, Greer DA, Kumagai LF, Aoki TT. Microvascular abnormalities in the bulbar conjunctiva of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocrine Practice. 2001;7(5):358-63.
Inoue K, Kato S, Ohara C, Numaga J, Amano S, Oshika T. Ocular and systemic factors relevant to diabetic keratoepitheliopathy. Cornea. 2001;20(8):798-801.
Weston BC, Bourne WM, Polse KA, Hodge DO. Corneal hydration control in diabetes mellitus. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 1995;36(3):586-95.
Schultz RO, Matsuda M, Yee RW, Edelhauser HF, Schultz KJ. Corneal endothelial changes in type I and type II diabetes mellitus. American Journal of Ophthalmology. 1984;98(4):401-10.
Busted N, Olsen T, Schmitz O. Clinical observations on the corneal thickness and the corneal endothelium in diabetes mellitus. British Journal of Ophthalmology. 1981;65(10):687-90.
.Foulks GN, Thoft RA, Perry HD, Tolentino FI. Factors related to corneal epithelial complications after closed vitrectomy in diabetics. Archives of Ophthalmology. 1979;97(6):1076-8.
Perry HD, Foulks GN, Thoft RA, Tolentino FI. Corneal complications after closed vitrectomy through the pars plana. Archives of Ophthalmology. 1978;96(8):1401-3.
Patel S, Pérez-Santonja JJ, Alió JL, Murphy PJ. Corneal sensitivity and some properties of the tear film after laser in situ keratomileusis. Journal of Refractive Surgery. 2001;17(1):17-24.
Touzeau O, Levet L, Borderie V, Bouchard P, Laroche L. Anterior segment of the eye and diabetes mellitus. Journal Francais D'ophtalmologie. 2004;27(8):859-70.
Bron AJ, Brown NA, Harding JJ, Ganea E. The lens and cataract in diabetes. International ophthalmology clinics. 1998;38(2):37-67.
Sharma RA. Diabetic eye disease in Southern India. Community Eye Health. 1996;9(20):56–58.
Pardo, G. Neuro-ophthalmological manifestations of diabetes mellitus. Int Ophthalmol Clinics. 1998;38:213–226.
Schertzer RM, Wang D, Bartholomew LR. Diabetes mellitus and glaucoma. International ophthalmology clinics. 1998; 38(2):69-87.
Mitchell P, Smith W, Chey T, Healey PR. Open-angle glaucoma and diabetes: the Blue Mountains eye study, Australia. Ophthalmology. 1997;104(4):712-8.
Chava S, Chowdar NL. A Study of Ocular Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR). 2015;4(7).
Al-Bdour MD, Al-Till MI, Samra KM. Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy among Jordanian diabetics. Middle East J Ophthalmol. 2008;15(2):77-80.
Gupta S, Ambade A. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and influencing factors amongst type 2 diabetics from central India. Int J Diab Dev Ctries. 2004;24:75-8.
Prabhakar N, Selva S. A study on ocular manifestations in patients with Diabetes mellitus: Int J Med Res Rev. 2016;4(3):456-461.
Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group: The effect of intensive diabetes treatment on the progression of diabetic retinopathy in insulindependent diabetes mellitus. Arch Ophthalmol. 1995; 113:36-51.
United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study Group: Intensive blood-glucose control with sulfonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. UKPDS 33. Lancet. 1998;352:837-853.
Jenkins LM, Mayon-White VA. Screening for diabetic retinopathy. Community Eye Health. 1996;9(2):54-6.
Cheung AT, Ramanujam S, Greer DA, Kumagai LF, Aoki TT. Microvascular abnormalities in the bulbar conjunctiva of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocrine Practice. 2001;7(5):358-63.
Inoue K, Kato S, Ohara C, Numaga J, Amano S, Oshika T. Ocular and systemic factors relevant to diabetic keratoepitheliopathy. Cornea. 2001;20(8):798-801.
Weston BC, Bourne WM, Polse KA, Hodge DO. Corneal hydration control in diabetes mellitus. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 1995;36(3):586-95.
Schultz RO, Matsuda M, Yee RW, Edelhauser HF, Schultz KJ. Corneal endothelial changes in type I and type II diabetes mellitus. American Journal of Ophthalmology. 1984;98(4):401-10.
Busted N, Olsen T, Schmitz O. Clinical observations on the corneal thickness and the corneal endothelium in diabetes mellitus. British Journal of Ophthalmology. 1981;65(10):687-90.
.Foulks GN, Thoft RA, Perry HD, Tolentino FI. Factors related to corneal epithelial complications after closed vitrectomy in diabetics. Archives of Ophthalmology. 1979;97(6):1076-8.
Perry HD, Foulks GN, Thoft RA, Tolentino FI. Corneal complications after closed vitrectomy through the pars plana. Archives of Ophthalmology. 1978;96(8):1401-3.
Patel S, Pérez-Santonja JJ, Alió JL, Murphy PJ. Corneal sensitivity and some properties of the tear film after laser in situ keratomileusis. Journal of Refractive Surgery. 2001;17(1):17-24.
Touzeau O, Levet L, Borderie V, Bouchard P, Laroche L. Anterior segment of the eye and diabetes mellitus. Journal Francais D'ophtalmologie. 2004;27(8):859-70.
Bron AJ, Brown NA, Harding JJ, Ganea E. The lens and cataract in diabetes. International ophthalmology clinics. 1998;38(2):37-67.
Sharma RA. Diabetic eye disease in Southern India. Community Eye Health. 1996;9(20):56–58.
Pardo, G. Neuro-ophthalmological manifestations of diabetes mellitus. Int Ophthalmol Clinics. 1998;38:213–226.
Schertzer RM, Wang D, Bartholomew LR. Diabetes mellitus and glaucoma. International ophthalmology clinics. 1998; 38(2):69-87.
Mitchell P, Smith W, Chey T, Healey PR. Open-angle glaucoma and diabetes: the Blue Mountains eye study, Australia. Ophthalmology. 1997;104(4):712-8.
Chava S, Chowdar NL. A Study of Ocular Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR). 2015;4(7).
Al-Bdour MD, Al-Till MI, Samra KM. Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy among Jordanian diabetics. Middle East J Ophthalmol. 2008;15(2):77-80.
Gupta S, Ambade A. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and influencing factors amongst type 2 diabetics from central India. Int J Diab Dev Ctries. 2004;24:75-8.
Prabhakar N, Selva S. A study on ocular manifestations in patients with Diabetes mellitus: Int J Med Res Rev. 2016;4(3):456-461.
Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group: The effect of intensive diabetes treatment on the progression of diabetic retinopathy in insulindependent diabetes mellitus. Arch Ophthalmol. 1995; 113:36-51.
United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study Group: Intensive blood-glucose control with sulfonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. UKPDS 33. Lancet. 1998;352:837-853.